In 2021, the Supreme Court ruled unanimously that when a state "casts a dragnet for sensitive donor information from tens of thousands of charities each year, even though that information will become relevant in only a small number of cases," it creates an unacceptable risk to those people's right to join together with one another and violates the privacy necessary to protect that right.
The case established a landmark precedent protecting donor privacy and the freedom of association for nonprofits and their supporters across the United States.
Case Documents
U.S. Supreme Court
- Petition for a Writ of Certiorari
- Brief for Petitioner
- Brief for Respondent
- Reply Brief for Petitioner
- U.S. Supreme Court Opinion
- Amicus Brief for American Civil Liberties Union, NAACP Legal Defense Fund, Knight First Amendment Institute, Human Rights Campaign, PEN America
- Amicus Brief for Charity Navigator, The Nonprofit Alliance Foundation, PETA, Doctors Without Borders, Southern Poverty Law Center, and more than 120 other charities
- Amicus Brief for 22 State Attorneys General
- Amicus Brief for Electronic Frontier Foundation, Freedom to Read Foundation, National Coalition Against Censorship, and other free speech organizations
- Other Amicus Briefs
U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Case Timeline
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December 29, 2015
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August 16, 2019
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February 22, 2021
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March 1, 2021
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March 2, 2021
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March 22, 2021
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April 16, 2021
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July 1, 2021
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